2012年二十一世纪的计算大会视频

概述

由微软亚洲研究院、南开大学、天津大学联合主办的第十四届“二十一世纪的计算”大型国际学术研讨会于2012年10月25日在天津隆重举行。本届大会以“计算,自然而然”为主题,邀请来自国内外计算领域的大师,通过精彩的主题演讲和专家论坛与到天津的2,000多名高校师生分享计算科学领域的最新趋势和研究成果,为中国乃至亚太地区计算机科学的研究和教育提供新的视野。

大会官方网站https://www.msra.cn/zh-cn/um/events/21ccc/2012/

视频

Rick Rashid博士
微软公司 全球首席研究官
美国工程院(NAE)、美国文理科学院(AAAS) 院士

 

Microsoft Research and the Evolution of Computing

Abstract:
Limits in computing power and our ability to interact with computers have also imposed limits on our understanding of the world around us. Increasingly, those limits are being removed, clearing the way for new advances in almost every kind of human endeavor. Rick Rashid, Microsoft chief research officer and head of Microsoft Research, will present his vision of the future of computing research in light of these breakthroughs and the opportunities that lie ahead.

 

John Hopcroft博士
康奈尔大学计算机系 工程学与应用数学教授
1986年图灵奖获得者

 

New Directions in Computer Science

Abstract:
Computer science is undergoing a fundamental change. Over the last 40 years the field was concerned with making computers useful. Focus was on programming languages, compilers, operating systems, data structures and algorithms. These are still important topics but with the merging of computing and communication, the emergence of social networks, and the large amount of information in digital form, focus is shifting to applications such as the structure of networks and extracting information from large data sets. This talk will give a brief vision of the future and then an introduction to the science base that is forming to support these new directions in computer science.

 

Daniela Rus教授
麻省理工学院电气工程与计算机系 教授
美国人工智能学会(AAAI)、电气电子工程师学会(IEEE) 院士

 

Computation Challenges for Creating Autonomous Systems

Abstract:
The current computing challenges for creating mobile autonomous systems that can interact in new ways with the physical world, on the ground, in water, and in the air. Recent progresses in Autonomous Mobile Networks are distributed ad-hoc networks of robots that can sense, actuate, compute and communicate with each other using point-to-point multi-hop communication. The nodes in such networks include static sensors, mobile sensors, robots, animals, and humans. Such systems combine the most advanced concepts in perception, communication and control to create computational systems capable of large-scale interaction with the environment, extending the individual capabilities of each network component to encompass a much wider area, range of data, and control capabilities.

 

Jeannette Wing教授
卡耐基梅隆大学计算机系 校长题名教授、系主任
美国计算机协会(ACM)、电气电子工程师学会(IEEE) 院士

 

Towards a Theory of Trust in Networks of Humans and Computers

Abstract:
How can I trust the information I read over the Internet? We argue that a general theory of trust in networks of humans and computers must be built on both a theory of behavioral trust and a theory of computational trust. This argument is motivated by increased participation of people in social networking, crowdsourcing, human computation, and socio-economic protocols, e.g., protocols modeled by trust and gift-exchange games, norms-establishing contracts, and scams. User participation in these protocols relies primarily on trust: trust in both the computational elements in the network and the human element. Thus, towards a general theory of trust, to computational trust, we add behavioral trust, a notion from the social and economic sciences. Behavioral trust captures participant preferences (i.e., risk and betrayal aversion) and beliefs in the trustworthiness of other protocol participants. We argue that a general theory of trust should focus on the establishment of new trust relations where none were possible before. This focus would help create new economic opportunities by increasing the pool of usable services, removing cooperation barriers among users, and at the very least, taking advantage of network effects. Hence a new theory of trust would also help focus security research in areas that promote trust-enhancement infrastructures in human and computer networks.

 

Peter Lee博士
微软雷蒙德研究院 全球副总裁
美国计算机协会(ACM) 院士

 

 

The Pipeline from Computing Research to Surprising Inventions

Abstract:
One of the most exciting aspects of computer science is that the results of basic research so often end up being applied in completely unexpected ways. At Microsoft Research, we actively seek out these surprising outcomes, by building a pipeline that connects long-term, blue-sky research to technological innovations. This talk will delve into the details of three examples, one each in the areas of entertainment, cloud computing, and personal productivity.

 

Michael Jordan教授
美国加州大学伯克利分校电气工程与计算机系、统计学系 教授
美国科学院(NAS)、美国工程院(NAE)、美国文理科学院(AAAS) 院士

 

 

Divide-and-Conquer and Statistical Inference for Big Data

Abstract:
Divide-and-conquer is a natural computational paradigm for approaching Big Data problems, particularly given recent developments in distributed and parallel computing, but some interesting challenges arise when applying divide-and-conquer algorithms to statistical inference problems. One interesting issue is that of obtaining confidence intervals in massive datasets. The bootstrap principle suggests resampling data to obtain fluctuations in the values of estimators, and thereby confidence intervals, but this is infeasible with massive data. Subsampling the data yields fluctuations on the wrong scale, which have to be corrected to provide calibrated statistical inferences. The new procedure, the bag of little bootstraps, circumvents this problem, inheriting the favorable theoretical properties of the bootstrap but also having a much more favorable computational profile. Another issue is the problem of large-scale matrix completion. Here divide-and-conquer is a natural heuristic that works well in practice, but new theoretical problems arise when attempting to characterize the statistical performance of divide-and-conquer algorithms. Here the theoretical support is provided by concentration theorems for random matrices, and a new approach to this problem bases on Stein's method.

 

洪小文博士
微软亚洲研究院 院长
电气电子工程师学会(IEEE) 院士

Transforming the Impossible to the Natural

Abstract:
Reading science fictions over the past one hundred years, one sees many seemingly impossible machines and services, which are now not only widely available, but have become accepted as natural. In this talk, Dr. Hsiao-Wuen Hon will share examples which show how technologies developed in research labs have impacted real life user experiences. For example, body gesture, speech, natural user intent understanding, and other new usage scenarios have all recently impacted how users utilize computing. Looking forward, Dr. Hsiao-Wuen Hon sees exciting opportunities for research to further extend what is considered natural when using computers. What's natural in computing at the end of 21st century will be drastically different than what we find common today.